Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health

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Pennsylvania Early Childhood Profile

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State Choices to Promote Effective Parenting

Low-income young children with a parent employed full-time, 2016
Low-income young children with a parent employed full-time, 2016

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Source1

  • Extends Medicaid coverage for family planning to otherwise ineligible low-income women [2018]2
    Eligibility based on income up to 220% FPL, includes men and individuals younger than 19 years of age.
  • Exempts single parents on TANF from work requirements until the youngest child reaches age 1 [FY 2016]3
    Exemption limited to 12 cumulative months during the recipient's lifetime.
  • Reduces the TANF work requirement to 20 hours or less for single parents with children under age 6 [FY 2016]3
50-State Data   Policy Definitions

State Choices to Promote Family Economic Security

Education levels of mothers with young children, 2016
Education levels of mothers with young children, 2016

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Source1

Maximum annual TANF benefit for a family of three, for FY 2016
Maximum annual TANF benefit for a family of three, for FY 2016

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Source3

  • Established a state minimum wage that meets or exceeds $9.10/hr and is indexed to inflation [2016]4
    $7.25
  • Exempts single-parent families of three below the federal poverty level from personal income tax [2016]5
  • Offers a refundable state Earned Income Tax Credit [2017]6
  • Offers a refundable state dependent care tax credit [FY 2016]7
  • Keeps copayments for child care subsidies below 10% of family income for families of three at 150% FPL [2015]8
  • Offers exemptions and/or extensions of the TANF benefit time limit for women who are pregnant or caring for a child under age 6 [FY 2016]3
    Time limit extensions are offered to parents caring for a child under 12 months of age. Recipients caring for children under 6 years old may also receive an extension if an alternative child care arrangement is unavailable.
  • Has paid family leave for a minimum of 6 weeks with partial replacement of wages [2018]9
50-State Data   Policy Definitions
  
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Data Notes and Sources

Last Updated: May 13, 2015

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  1. National data were calculated from the 2011 American Community Survey, representing information from 2011. State data were calculated from the 2009-2011 American Community Survey, representing information from the years 2009 to 2011.
  2. Guttmacher Institute. (2018). Medicaid Family Planning Eligibility Expansions. New York, NY: Guttmacher Institute. Https://www.guttmacher.org (accessed January 3, 2018).
  3. Giannarelli, L., Heffernan, C., Minton, S., Thompson, M., & Stevens, K. (2017). Welfare Rules Databook: State TANF Policies as of July 2016. OPRE Report 2017-82. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.acf.hhs.gov (accessed December 19, 2017).
  4. National Conference of State Legislatures. 2016. State minimum wages: 2016 minimum wages by state. Washington, DC: NCSL. Http://www.ncsl.org (accessed February 18, 2016).
  5. National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP), 50-State Policy Tracker. (2016). 50-State Data, Income Tax Liability. http://nccp.org (accessed July 20, 2018).
  6. Williams, E., & Waxman, S. (2018). States Can Adopt or Expand Earned Income Tax Credits to Build a Stronger Future Economy. Washington, DC: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. https://www.cbpp.org (accessed June 29, 2018).
  7. National Women's Law Center. (2017). State Child Care and Dependent Care, Tax Provisions, Tax Year 2016. Washington, DC: National Women's Law Center. https://nwlc.org (accessed December 19, 2017).
  8. Schulman, Karen; Blank, Helen. 2015. Building Blocks State Child Care Assistance Policies 2015. National Women's Law Center. Http://www.nwlc.org (accessed November 11, 2015).
  9. National Conference of State Legislatures. (2018). State Family Medical Leave and Parental Leave Laws. Washington, DC: National Conference of State Legislatures. http://www.ncsl.org (accessed July 20, 2018).